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Fiber Optic Communication in Transportation
Fiber Optic Communication in Transportation
Main Application Scenarios
1.Intelligent Transportation Management System (ITS)
- Real-time monitoring and data transmission:
Optical fiber connects urban traffic signals, electronic police cameras and ground sensing coils, transmits real-time traffic flow and violation data back to the command center, and supports AI to dynamically adjust the traffic light cycle (e.g., green band optimization), reducing congestion rate by more than 30%.
- Video surveillance network:
4K high-definition camera transmits road video to the cloud through optical fiber with a delay of less than 50ms, supporting remote forensics and emergency dispatching for traffic accidents.
2.Highway Communication Network
- ETC gantry system:
Fiber optic backbone network supports millisecond transmission of ETC transaction data, ensuring that the success rate of toll deduction is ≥99.99% when the vehicle passes at a high speed of 80km/h.
- Tunnel Safety Communication:
Optical fiber replaces traditional cables, and the EMJ-resistant emergency telephone and CO/smoke sensor network is deployed in long tunnels to guarantee the fire alarm response time ＜10 seconds.
3.Railway Transportation Control
- CBTC signaling system (communication-based train control):
Fiber optic ring network carries safety data such as train positioning and speed commands, realizing the minimum tracking interval of metro trains reduced to 90 seconds and capacity increased by 25%.
- Passenger Information System (PIS):
The 4G/5G base station in the carriages is backhauled via fiber optics to support passengers to view real-time train arrival times, transfer guidelines, and push emergency broadcasts.
Advantages comparison
|
Type |
Fiber Optic Communication |
Copper Cable |
|
Bandwidth |
10Gbps~100Gbps |
<1Gbps (copper) |
|
Transmission distance |
Up to 120km (single-mode fiber,without relay) |
<100m |
|
Anti-interference |
immune to electromagnetic interference, lightning |
vulnerable to high voltage lines, subway motor interference |
|
Security |
no radiation and signal eavesdropping |
signal interception risk |
Typical Equipment and Deployment Solutions
- Industrial-grade Fiber Optical Transceiver
Function: Convert RS-485/Can-bus data of traffic signal control system into optical signals.
Case: deployed along the high-speed rail line, transmitting track circuit status to the dispatching center, BER <10-¹².
- Fiber optic switch (PoE power supply type)
Function: supply power and transmit data for cameras and sensors, simplify wiring.
Case: one for every 2km of highway, supporting video monitoring”no blind spot on the whole road”.
- OTN Optical Transmission Network
Function: To build backbone layer of transportation network and support unified bearing of multi-service.
Case: A provincial capital city subway adopts OTN ring network to carry 7 types of services such as signal, video, broadcasting, etc., and the operation and maintenance cost is reduced by 40%.
